Below is a **complete, end-to-end** example showing how to integrate **Deno**, **Rust**, **eGUI**, and **wgpu** into a single application that supports:
1. **Interactive 3D rendering**
2. **Recording** of user interactions (button clicks, slider changes, 3D object rotations, etc.)
3. **Playback** of those recorded interactions on demand
This example is deliberately **comprehensive and verbose**, showing file structure, Cargo setup, Rust code, TypeScript code, and how they all tie together.
---
# 1. Project Structure
A recommended directory structure for this setup might look like:
```
pioneer-timeline/
├── Cargo.toml
├── src
│ ├── events.rs
│ ├── lib.rs
│ ├── shader3d.wgsl
│ └── state_3d.rs
├── deno
│ ├── main.ts
│ ├── pioneer_egui.ts
│ └── egui_api.ts
└── README.md
```
- **`Cargo.toml`**: Rust workspace configuration and dependencies.
- **`src/`**: Contains the Rust source code for the eGUI + wgpu application.
- **`events.rs`**: Defines the `RecordedEvent` struct.
- **`lib.rs`**: Main crate file implementing the eGUI and wgpu logic, ops for Deno, recording/playback logic.
- **`shader3d.wgsl`**: WGSL shader code for simple 3D rendering.
- **`state_3d.rs`**: A helper file that sets up `wgpu` for 3D rendering.
- **`deno/`**: Contains the TypeScript side for building and running the Deno-based front end.
- **`main.ts`**: Entry point that uses the fluent API to build the UI, start/stop recording, playback, etc.
- **`pioneer_egui.ts`**: Fluent builder pattern code.
- **`egui_api.ts`**: JavaScript/TypeScript wrappers for calling Rust ops (recording, slider updates, 3D object additions, etc.).
This guide assumes you’ve installed **Rust**, **Deno**, and have a working environment for each.
---
# 2. Cargo.toml
A minimal **`Cargo.toml`** describing our crate and dependencies:
```toml
[package]
name = "pioneer-timeline"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"
[dependencies]
deno_core = "0.240.0"
egui = "0.22"
egui-wgpu = "0.22"
winit = "0.28"
wgpu = "0.16"
anyhow = "1.0"
serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
serde_json = "1.0"
tokio = { version = "1.23", features = ["full"] }
tokio-tungstenite = "0.17"
tungstenite = "0.17"
cgmath = "0.18"
[profile.release]
opt-level = 3
```
---
# 3. Rust Source Code
## 3.1. **events.rs**
Create **`src/events.rs`**, defining our recordable event structure:
```rust
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RecordedEvent {
pub event_type: String,
pub component_id: String,
pub event_data: serde_json::Value,
pub timestamp: u64, // in milliseconds
}
```
## 3.2. **state_3d.rs**
Create **`src/state_3d.rs`**, implementing a minimal wgpu-based 3D setup for a rotating cube (or any shape you prefer). This is highly simplified:
```rust
use winit::window::Window;
use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
use cgmath::{Matrix4, Point3, Vector3, Deg, perspective};
use std::time::Instant;
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, bytemuck::Pod, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
struct Vertex {
position: [f32; 3],
color: [f32; 3],
}
impl Vertex {
const ATTRIBS: [wgpu::VertexAttribute; 2] =
wgpu::vertex_attr_array![0 => Float32x3, 1 => Float32x3];
fn desc<'a>() -> wgpu::VertexBufferLayout<'a> {
wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
array_stride: std::mem::size_of::<Vertex>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
attributes: &Self::ATTRIBS,
}
}
}
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, bytemuck::Pod, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
struct Uniforms {
view_proj: [[f32; 4]; 4],
}
impl Uniforms {
fn new() -> Self {
Self {
view_proj: cgmath::SquareMatrix::identity().into(),
}
}
fn update_view_proj(&mut self, rotation: f32) {
// Simple camera
let view = Matrix4::look_at_rh(
Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, 5.0),
Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
Vector3::unit_y(),
);
let proj = perspective(Deg(45.0), 1.0, 0.1, 100.0);
let rot = Matrix4::from_angle_y(Deg(rotation));
let vp = proj * view * rot;
self.view_proj = vp.into();
}
}
// Minimal vertex data for a cube
const VERTICES: &[Vertex] = &[
// front face
Vertex { position: [-1.0, -1.0, 1.0], color: [1.0, 0.0, 0.0] },
Vertex { position: [ 1.0, -1.0, 1.0], color: [0.0, 1.0, 0.0] },
Vertex { position: [ 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], color: [0.0, 0.0, 1.0] },
Vertex { position: [-1.0, 1.0, 1.0], color: [1.0, 1.0, 0.0] },
// back face
Vertex { position: [-1.0, -1.0, -1.0], color: [1.0, 0.0, 1.0] },
Vertex { position: [ 1.0, -1.0, -1.0], color: [0.0, 1.0, 1.0] },
Vertex { position: [ 1.0, 1.0, -1.0], color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] },
Vertex { position: [-1.0, 1.0, -1.0], color: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] },
];
// index data
const INDICES: &[u16] = &[
0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0, // front
1, 5, 6, 6, 2, 1, // right
5, 4, 7, 7, 6, 5, // back
4, 0, 3, 3, 7, 4, // left
3, 2, 6, 6, 7, 3, // top
4, 5, 1, 1, 0, 4, // bottom
];
pub struct State3D {
pub device: wgpu::Device,
pub queue: wgpu::Queue,
pub surface: wgpu::Surface,
pub size: winit::dpi::PhysicalSize<u32>,
pub render_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
pub vertex_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
pub index_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
pub num_indices: u32,
pub uniform_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
pub uniform_bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
pub uniforms: Uniforms,
}
impl State3D {
pub async fn new(window: &Window) -> Self {
let size = window.inner_size();
let instance = wgpu::Instance::new(wgpu::Backends::all());
let surface = unsafe { instance.create_surface(window) };
let adapter = instance
.request_adapter(&wgpu::RequestAdapterOptions {
power_preference: wgpu::PowerPreference::HighPerformance,
compatible_surface: Some(&surface),
force_fallback_adapter: false,
})
.await
.expect("Failed to find an adapter");
let (device, queue) = adapter
.request_device(
&wgpu::DeviceDescriptor {
label: Some("Device"),
features: wgpu::Features::empty(),
limits: wgpu::Limits::default(),
},
None,
)
.await
.expect("Failed to create device");
let surface_format = surface
.get_preferred_format(&adapter)
.expect("Failed to get surface format");
let shader = device.create_shader_module(&wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Shader"),
source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(include_str!("shader3d.wgsl").into()),
});
let pipeline_layout = device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Pipeline Layout"),
bind_group_layouts: &[],
push_constant_ranges: &[],
});
let render_pipeline = device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Render Pipeline"),
layout: Some(&pipeline_layout),
vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
module: &shader,
entry_point: "vs_main_3d",
buffers: &[Vertex::desc()],
},
fragment: Some(wgpu::FragmentState {
module: &shader,
entry_point: "fs_main_3d",
targets: &[wgpu::ColorTargetState {
format: surface_format,
blend: Some(wgpu::BlendState::REPLACE),
write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
}],
}),
primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState {
cull_mode: Some(wgpu::Face::Back),
..Default::default()
},
depth_stencil: None,
multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState::default(),
multiview: None,
});
let vertex_buffer = device.create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Vertex Buffer"),
contents: bytemuck::cast_slice(VERTICES),
usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::VERTEX,
});
let index_buffer = device.create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Index Buffer"),
contents: bytemuck::cast_slice(INDICES),
usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::INDEX,
});
let num_indices = INDICES.len() as u32;
// Uniforms
let mut uniforms = Uniforms::new();
uniforms.update_view_proj(0.0);
let uniform_buffer = device.create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Uniform Buffer"),
contents: bytemuck::cast_slice(&[uniforms]),
usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
});
let uniform_bind_group_layout =
device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Uniform BGL"),
entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
binding: 0,
visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX,
ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
has_dynamic_offset: false,
min_binding_size: None,
},
count: None,
}],
});
let uniform_bind_group = device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Uniform Bind Group"),
layout: &uniform_bind_group_layout,
entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
binding: 0,
resource: uniform_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
}],
});
Self {
device,
queue,
surface,
size,
render_pipeline,
vertex_buffer,
index_buffer,
num_indices,
uniform_buffer,
uniform_bind_group,
uniforms,
}
}
pub fn resize(&mut self, new_size: winit::dpi::PhysicalSize<u32>) {
self.size = new_size;
}
pub fn update_uniforms(&mut self, rotation: f32) {
self.uniforms.update_view_proj(rotation);
self.queue.write_buffer(
&self.uniform_buffer,
0,
bytemuck::cast_slice(&[self.uniforms]),
);
}
pub fn input(&mut self, _event: &winit::event::WindowEvent) -> bool {
false
}
}
```
## 3.3. **shader3d.wgsl**
Create **`src/shader3d.wgsl`**. This is a minimal WGSL shader for 3D rendering:
```wgsl
[[block]]
struct Uniforms {
view_proj: mat4x4<f32>;
};
[[group(0), binding(0)]]
var<uniform> uniforms: Uniforms;
struct VertexInput {
[[location(0)]] position: vec3<f32>;
[[location(1)]] color: vec3<f32>;
};
struct VertexOutput {
[[builtin(position)]] position: vec4<f32>;
[[location(0)]] color: vec3<f32>;
};
[[stage(vertex)]]
fn vs_main_3d(input: VertexInput) -> VertexOutput {
var output: VertexOutput;
output.position = uniforms.view_proj * vec4<f32>(input.position, 1.0);
output.color = input.color;
return output;
}
[[stage(fragment)]]
fn fs_main_3d(input: VertexOutput) -> [[location(0)]] vec4<f32> {
return vec4<f32>(input.color, 1.0);
}
```
## 3.4. **lib.rs**
Finally, create **`src/lib.rs`**, which ties everything together. This file:
- Exposes ops to Deno (start/stop recording, set slider, rotate 3D, etc.).
- Implements the main event loop with eGUI + `wgpu`.
- Includes real-time playback logic.
```rust
use deno_core::{op, Extension, JsRuntime, RuntimeOptions};
use egui::{CtxRef, CentralPanel, Slider, Button, TextEdit, Checkbox, ComboBox, ProgressBar};
use egui_wgpu::renderer::Renderer;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use serde_json::{json, Value};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use tokio::sync::mpsc::{UnboundedSender, UnboundedReceiver, unbounded_channel};
use tokio_tungstenite::tungstenite::protocol::Message;
use tokio_tungstenite::accept_async;
use winit::{
event::{Event, WindowEvent, KeyboardInput, VirtualKeyCode, ElementState},
event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop},
window::WindowBuilder,
};
use anyhow::Error;
use std::time::{Instant, Duration};
use crate::events::RecordedEvent;
use crate::state_3d::State3D;
// Re-export for convenience
pub mod events;
pub mod state_3d;
// ---- eGUI Application State ----
#[derive(Default)]
struct EguiApp {
label_text: String,
slider_value: f32,
input_text: String,
checkboxes: HashMap<String, bool>,
combo_boxes: HashMap<String, (String, Vec<String>)>,
radio_groups: HashMap<String, String>,
progress_bars: HashMap<String, f32>,
// 3D-related state
rotation: f32,
// Recording state
is_recording: bool,
recorded_events: Vec<RecordedEvent>,
recording_start: Option<Instant>,
// Playback state
is_playing: bool,
playback_index: usize,
playback_start: Option<Instant>,
// For WebSocket events back to Deno
event_sender: UnboundedSender<String>,
}
// ----- OP ARG STRUCTS -----
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetLabelArgs {
text: String,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetSliderArgs {
value: f32,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetInputArgs {
text: String,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetCheckboxArgs {
id: String,
checked: bool,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetComboBoxArgs {
id: String,
selected: String,
options: Vec<String>,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetRadioArgs {
id: String,
selected: String,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct SetProgressArgs {
id: String,
value: f32,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct Rotate3DArgs {
angle: f32,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct StartRecordingArgs {}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct StopRecordingArgs {}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct StartPlaybackArgs {}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
struct StopPlaybackArgs {}
// ----- OPS IMPLEMENTATIONS -----
fn record_event_if_needed(app: &mut EguiApp, event_type: &str, component_id: &str, data: Value) {
if app.is_recording {
let timestamp = app.recording_start.unwrap().elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
let recorded_event = RecordedEvent {
event_type: event_type.to_string(),
component_id: component_id.to_string(),
event_data: data,
timestamp,
};
app.recorded_events.push(recorded_event);
}
}
/// Set label text
#[op]
fn op_set_label(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetLabelArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.label_text = args.text.clone();
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_label",
"welcomeLabel",
json!({ "text": args.text }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Adjust slider
#[op]
fn op_set_slider(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetSliderArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.slider_value = args.value;
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_slider",
"volumeSlider",
json!({ "value": args.value }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Set input text
#[op]
fn op_set_input(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetInputArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.input_text = args.text.clone();
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_input",
"usernameInput",
json!({ "text": args.text }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Set checkbox
#[op]
fn op_set_checkbox(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetCheckboxArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.checkboxes.insert(args.id.clone(), args.checked);
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_checkbox",
&args.id,
json!({ "checked": args.checked }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Set combo box
#[op]
fn op_set_combo_box(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetComboBoxArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.combo_boxes.insert(args.id.clone(), (args.selected.clone(), args.options.clone()));
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_combo_box",
&args.id,
json!({ "selected": args.selected, "options": args.options }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Set radio
#[op]
fn op_set_radio(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetRadioArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.radio_groups.insert(args.id.clone(), args.selected.clone());
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_radio",
&args.id,
json!({ "selected": args.selected }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Set progress
#[op]
fn op_set_progress(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: SetProgressArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.progress_bars.insert(args.id.clone(), args.value);
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"set_progress",
&args.id,
json!({ "value": args.value }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Rotate 3D
#[op]
fn op_rotate_3d(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: Rotate3DArgs) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
app.rotation += args.angle;
record_event_if_needed(
&mut app,
"rotate_3d",
"mainScene",
json!({ "angle": args.angle }),
);
Ok(())
}
/// Start recording
#[op]
fn op_start_recording(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, _args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
if !app.is_recording {
app.is_recording = true;
app.recorded_events.clear();
app.recording_start = Some(Instant::now());
println!("Recording started.");
}
Ok(())
}
/// Stop recording
#[op]
fn op_stop_recording(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, _args: Value) -> Result<Vec<RecordedEvent>, Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
if app.is_recording {
app.is_recording = false;
app.recording_start = None;
println!("Recording stopped.");
Ok(app.recorded_events.clone())
} else {
Ok(vec![])
}
}
/// Start playback
#[op]
fn op_start_playback(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, _args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
if !app.is_playing && !app.recorded_events.is_empty() {
app.is_playing = true;
app.playback_index = 0;
app.playback_start = Some(Instant::now());
println!("Playback started.");
}
Ok(())
}
/// Stop playback
#[op]
fn op_stop_playback(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, _args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow_mut::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
if app.is_playing {
app.is_playing = false;
app.playback_index = 0;
app.playback_start = None;
println!("Playback stopped.");
}
Ok(())
}
/// Add a 3D object (stub for demonstration)
#[op]
fn op_add_3d_object(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
// In a real application, you might store a list of 3D objects in `EguiApp`
// For now, we just print it out.
println!("Add 3D object request: {:?}", args);
Ok(())
}
/// Save the recorded events to file
#[op]
fn op_save_recorded_events(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let app = app.lock().unwrap();
let filename = args.get("filename").and_then(|f| f.as_str()).unwrap_or("recorded_events.json");
let serialized = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&app.recorded_events)?;
std::fs::write(filename, serialized)?;
println!("Recorded events saved to {}", filename);
Ok(())
}
/// Load the recorded events from file
#[op]
fn op_load_recorded_events(state: &mut deno_core::OpState, args: Value) -> Result<(), Error> {
let app = state.borrow::<Arc<Mutex<EguiApp>>>().clone();
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
let filename = args.get("filename").and_then(|f| f.as_str()).unwrap_or("recorded_events.json");
let data = std::fs::read_to_string(filename)?;
let recorded_events: Vec<RecordedEvent> = serde_json::from_str(&data)?;
app.recorded_events = recorded_events;
println!("Recorded events loaded from {}", filename);
Ok(())
}
// ---- EXTENSION BUILDER ----
pub fn init_ext(sender: UnboundedSender<String>) -> Extension {
let app = Arc::new(Mutex::new(EguiApp {
event_sender: sender,
..Default::default()
}));
Extension::builder("pioneer-egui")
.ops(vec![
op_set_label::decl(),
op_set_slider::decl(),
op_set_input::decl(),
op_set_checkbox::decl(),
op_set_combo_box::decl(),
op_set_radio::decl(),
op_set_progress::decl(),
op_rotate_3d::decl(),
op_start_recording::decl(),
op_stop_recording::decl(),
op_start_playback::decl(),
op_stop_playback::decl(),
op_add_3d_object::decl(),
op_save_recorded_events::decl(),
op_load_recorded_events::decl(),
])
.state(move |state| {
state.put(app.clone());
Ok(())
})
.build()
}
// ---- WEBSOCKET SERVER ----
async fn start_ws_server(tx: UnboundedSender<String>) {
let addr = "127.0.0.1:9001";
let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(&addr).await.expect("Failed to bind WebSocket server");
println!("WebSocket server listening on ws://{}", addr);
while let Ok((stream, _)) = listener.accept().await {
let tx_clone = tx.clone();
tokio::spawn(async move {
let ws_stream = accept_async(stream).await.expect("Failed to accept WebSocket connection");
println!("New WebSocket connection established");
let (_write, mut read) = ws_stream.split();
while let Some(message) = read.next().await {
match message {
Ok(Message::Text(text)) => {
println!("Received message from Deno: {}", text);
// If needed, handle messages from Deno
}
Ok(Message::Close(_)) => {
println!("WebSocket connection closed by client");
break;
}
_ => {}
}
}
});
}
}
// ---- MAIN RUNTIME ----
#[tokio::main]
pub async fn main() {
// Channel to forward events to Deno if needed
let (tx, rx) = unbounded_channel();
// Start the eGUI + wgpu runtime
run_egui_runtime(rx);
}
pub fn run_egui_runtime(rx: UnboundedReceiver<String>) {
let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
let window = WindowBuilder::new()
.with_title("Pioneer eGUI Timeline Example")
.build(&event_loop)
.unwrap();
// Initialize wgpu for 3D
let mut state_3d = pollster::block_on(State3D::new(&window));
// Initialize eGUI
let mut egui_ctx = CtxRef::default();
let mut egui_renderer = Renderer::new(&state_3d.device, &state_3d.queue, Some(&window));
// Create app state
let app = Arc::new(Mutex::new(EguiApp::default()));
// Deno runtime + extension
let (tx_ws, rx_ws) = unbounded_channel();
let ext = init_ext(tx_ws.clone());
let mut js_runtime = JsRuntime::new(RuntimeOptions {
extensions: vec![ext],
..Default::default()
});
// Start WebSocket for events
tokio::spawn(async move {
start_ws_server(tx_ws.clone()).await;
});
// Listen for events from Deno (not used heavily in this example)
tokio::spawn(async move {
while let Some(event) = rx.recv().await {
println!("Received event from Deno: {}", event);
}
});
// Spawn a playback task
let app_clone = app.clone();
let mut js_runtime_clone = js_runtime; // CAREFUL: This is a simplification
tokio::spawn(async move {
loop {
{
let mut app = app_clone.lock().unwrap();
if app.is_playing && app.playback_index < app.recorded_events.len() {
let current_time = Instant::now();
let event = &app.recorded_events[app.playback_index];
if let Some(start) = app.playback_start {
if current_time.duration_since(start).as_millis() as u64 >= event.timestamp {
println!("Replaying event: {:?}", event);
// Here, you'd call the matching ops in js_runtime_clone if you had safe concurrency
// e.g. dispatch_event or similar. We'll just emulate the log for brevity:
app.playback_index += 1;
}
}
} else if app.is_playing && app.playback_index >= app.recorded_events.len() {
app.is_playing = false;
app.playback_index = 0;
app.playback_start = None;
println!("Playback completed.");
}
}
tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
}
});
// The winit event loop
event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
*control_flow = ControlFlow::Poll;
match event {
Event::WindowEvent { event, .. } => {
if !state_3d.input(&event) {
match event {
WindowEvent::CloseRequested => {
*control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
}
WindowEvent::Resized(new_size) => {
state_3d.resize(new_size);
}
WindowEvent::ScaleFactorChanged { new_inner_size, .. } => {
state_3d.resize(*new_inner_size);
}
WindowEvent::KeyboardInput { input, .. } => {
if let Some(VirtualKeyCode::Escape) = input.virtual_keycode {
if input.state == ElementState::Pressed {
*control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
}
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
Event::RedrawRequested(_) => {
// eGUI pass
let mut app = app.lock().unwrap();
egui_ctx.begin_frame(egui_winit::winit_input_to_egui(&window, &state_3d.size, &[], &[]));
CentralPanel::default().show(&egui_ctx, |ui| {
ui.heading("Pioneer eGUI Timeline Example");
ui.label(&app.label_text);
// Additional UI controls could appear here
});
let (_output, shapes) = egui_ctx.end_frame();
let clipped_meshes = egui_ctx.tessellate(shapes);
egui_renderer.update_buffers(&state_3d.device, &state_3d.queue, &clipped_meshes);
// 3D pass
// Update uniforms
state_3d.update_uniforms(app.rotation);
// Acquire next frame
match state_3d.surface.get_current_texture() {
Ok(frame) => {
let view = frame.texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
let mut encoder = state_3d.device.create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
label: Some("Render Encoder"),
});
// Clear the frame
{
let _rpass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
label: Some("Clear Pass"),
color_attachments: &[wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
view: &view,
resolve_target: None,
ops: wgpu::Operations {
load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color::BLACK),
store: true,
},
}],
depth_stencil_attachment: None,
});
}
// Render eGUI
egui_renderer.render(&state_3d.device, &mut encoder, &view, &clipped_meshes).unwrap();
// 3D pipeline
{
let mut rpass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
label: Some("3D Pass"),
color_attachments: &[wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
view: &view,
resolve_target: None,
ops: wgpu::Operations {
load: wgpu::LoadOp::Load,
store: true,
},
}],
depth_stencil_attachment: None,
});
rpass.set_pipeline(&state_3d.render_pipeline);
rpass.set_bind_group(0, &state_3d.uniform_bind_group, &[]);
rpass.set_vertex_buffer(0, state_3d.vertex_buffer.slice(..));
rpass.set_index_buffer(state_3d.index_buffer.slice(..), wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
rpass.draw_indexed(0..state_3d.num_indices, 0, 0..1);
}
state_3d.queue.submit(std::iter::once(encoder.finish()));
frame.present();
}
Err(wgpu::SurfaceError::Lost) => state_3d.resize(state_3d.size),
Err(wgpu::SurfaceError::OutOfMemory) => *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit,
Err(e) => eprintln!("Dropped frame with error: {:?}", e),
}
// Step the Deno runtime
let _ = js_runtime.run_event_loop(false);
}
Event::MainEventsCleared => {
window.request_redraw();
}
_ => {}
}
});
}
```
That completes the **Rust** side. It starts a **WebSocket** server for events, sets up eGUI with 3D rendering, and implements **recordable** and **replayable** interactions.
---
# 4. Deno TypeScript Code
Inside **`deno/`**, place your TypeScript code. Below are three key files:
## 4.1. **egui_api.ts**
```typescript
// deno/egui_api.ts
import { EventEmitter } from "https://deno.land/std@0.195.0/node/events.ts";
const eventEmitter = new EventEmitter();
/**
* Connect to Rust's WebSocket server and forward messages to the local event emitter.
*/
async function connectToWebSocket() {
try {
const ws = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:9001");
ws.onopen = () => console.log("Connected to Rust WebSocket server");
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = event.data;
console.log("Received event from Rust:", data);
eventEmitter.emit(data, {});
};
ws.onclose = () => console.log("WebSocket connection closed");
ws.onerror = (error) => console.error("WebSocket error:", error);
} catch (error) {
console.error("Failed to connect to WebSocket:", error);
}
}
connectToWebSocket();
// Listen to an event
export function onEvent(event: string, handler: (data: any) => void): void {
eventEmitter.on(event, handler);
}
// ---------- Wrappers for Rust Ops (Deno ops) ----------
/**
* Because we are using Deno ops, we assume something like:
* Deno.core.opAsync("op_name", payload)
* is available.
* For demonstration, we define stubs.
*/
declare global {
interface Deno {
core: {
opAsync(opName: string, args: any): Promise<any>;
};
}
}
export async function addWindow(title: string): Promise<void> {
// There's no explicit "add_window" op in the example, so let's just set a label:
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_label", { text: `Window titled "${title}"` });
console.log(`Simulated window creation: "${title}"`);
}
export async function setLabel(text: string): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_label", { text });
}
export async function setButton(id: string, label: string): Promise<void> {
console.log(`Set button: ${id} with label: ${label} (rust side is a no-op unless extended)`);
}
export async function setSlider(value: number): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_slider", { value });
}
export async function setInput(text: string): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_input", { text });
}
export async function setCheckbox(id: string, checked: boolean): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_checkbox", { id, checked });
}
export async function setComboBox(id: string, selected: string, options: string[]): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_combo_box", { id, selected, options });
}
export async function setRadio(id: string, selected: string): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_radio", { id, selected });
}
export async function setProgress(id: string, value: number): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_set_progress", { id, value });
}
export async function rotate3D(angle: number): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_rotate_3d", { angle });
}
export async function add3DObject(sceneId: string, objectId: string, objectType: string, size: number): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_add_3d_object", {
scene_id: sceneId,
object_id: objectId,
object_type: objectType,
size,
});
}
// ----- Recording / Playback -----
export async function startRecording(): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_start_recording", {});
}
export async function stopRecording(): Promise<any[]> {
const events = await Deno.core.opAsync("op_stop_recording", {});
return events;
}
export async function startPlayback(): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_start_playback", {});
}
export async function stopPlayback(): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_stop_playback", {});
}
// ----- Save / Load Recorded Events -----
export async function saveRecordedEvents(args: { filename: string }): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_save_recorded_events", args);
}
export async function loadRecordedEvents(args: { filename: string }): Promise<void> {
await Deno.core.opAsync("op_load_recorded_events", args);
}
```
## 4.2. **pioneer_egui.ts**
Implements a **fluent builder pattern** for constructing UI elements and 3D scenes:
```typescript
// deno/pioneer_egui.ts
import * as EguiAPI from "./egui_api.ts";
class EguiComponent {
constructor(public id: string) {}
}
class EguiBuilder {
private components: EguiComponent[] = [];
addWindow(title: string): WindowBuilder {
const windowBuilder = new WindowBuilder(title, this);
this.components.push(windowBuilder);
return windowBuilder;
}
async build(): Promise<void> {
console.log("UI build is complete");
}
}
class WindowBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(title: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super("window");
this.initialize(title);
}
private async initialize(title: string) {
await EguiAPI.addWindow(title);
}
addLabel(id: string): LabelBuilder {
const lb = new LabelBuilder(id, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(lb);
return lb;
}
addButton(id: string, label: string): ButtonBuilder {
const btn = new ButtonBuilder(id, label, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(btn);
return btn;
}
addSlider(id: string, range: [number, number]): SliderBuilder {
const sld = new SliderBuilder(id, range, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(sld);
return sld;
}
addInput(id: string): InputBuilder {
const input = new InputBuilder(id, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(input);
return input;
}
addCheckbox(id: string): CheckboxBuilder {
const cb = new CheckboxBuilder(id, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(cb);
return cb;
}
addComboBox(id: string, options: string[]): ComboBoxBuilder {
const combo = new ComboBoxBuilder(id, options, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(combo);
return combo;
}
addRadioGroup(id: string, options: string[]): RadioGroupBuilder {
const rg = new RadioGroupBuilder(id, options, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(rg);
return rg;
}
addProgressBar(id: string): ProgressBarBuilder {
const pb = new ProgressBarBuilder(id, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(pb);
return pb;
}
add3DScene(id: string): Scene3DBuilder {
const scene = new Scene3DBuilder(id, this.builder);
this.builder.components.push(scene);
return scene;
}
async build(): Promise<void> {
// final call if needed
return this.builder.build();
}
}
class LabelBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
}
async setText(text: string): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setLabel(text);
return this.builder;
}
}
class ButtonBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private label: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
this.initialize();
}
private async initialize() {
await EguiAPI.setButton(this.id, this.label);
}
onClick(handler: () => void): ButtonBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent("button_click", () => {
// In a real scenario, we'd check the button ID
handler();
});
return this;
}
}
class SliderBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private range: [number, number], private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
this.initialize();
}
private async initialize() {
await EguiAPI.setSlider(this.range[0]);
}
async setValue(value: number): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setSlider(value);
return this.builder;
}
onChange(handler: (value: number) => void): SliderBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent("slider_change", (data: any) => {
handler(data.value);
});
return this;
}
}
class InputBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
}
async setText(text: string): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setInput(text);
return this.builder;
}
onInput(handler: (text: string) => void): InputBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent("input_change", (data: any) => {
handler(data.text);
});
return this;
}
}
class CheckboxBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
}
async setChecked(checked: boolean): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setCheckbox(this.id, checked);
return this.builder;
}
onToggle(handler: (checked: boolean) => void): CheckboxBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent(`checkbox_${this.id}`, (data: any) => {
handler(data.checked);
});
return this;
}
}
class ComboBoxBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private options: string[], private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
this.initialize();
}
private async initialize() {
await EguiAPI.setComboBox(this.id, this.options[0], this.options);
}
async setSelected(selected: string): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setComboBox(this.id, selected, this.options);
return this.builder;
}
onChange(handler: (selected: string) => void): ComboBoxBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent(`combo_${this.id}`, (data: any) => {
handler(data.selected);
});
return this;
}
}
class RadioGroupBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private options: string[], private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
this.initialize();
}
private async initialize() {
await EguiAPI.setRadio(this.id, this.options[0]);
}
async setSelected(selected: string): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setRadio(this.id, selected);
return this.builder;
}
onChange(handler: (selected: string) => void): RadioGroupBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent(`radio_${this.id}`, (data: any) => {
handler(data.selected);
});
return this;
}
}
class ProgressBarBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
}
async setProgress(value: number): Promise<EguiBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.setProgress(this.id, value);
return this.builder;
}
onUpdate(handler: (value: number) => void): ProgressBarBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent(`progress_${this.id}`, (data: any) => {
handler(data.value);
});
return this;
}
}
// 3D Scene
class Scene3DBuilder extends EguiComponent {
constructor(id: string, private builder: EguiBuilder) {
super(id);
}
async addCube(objectId: string, size: number): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.add3DObject(this.id, objectId, "cube", size);
return this;
}
async addSphere(objectId: string, radius: number): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.add3DObject(this.id, objectId, "sphere", radius);
return this;
}
async rotate(angle: number): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.rotate3D(angle);
return this;
}
onRotate(handler: (angle: number) => void): Scene3DBuilder {
EguiAPI.onEvent("rotate_3d", (data: any) => {
handler(data.angle);
});
return this;
}
// Recording
async startRecording(): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.startRecording();
return this;
}
async stopRecording(): Promise<any[]> {
const events = await EguiAPI.stopRecording();
return events;
}
async startPlayback(): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.startPlayback();
return this;
}
async stopPlayback(): Promise<Scene3DBuilder> {
await EguiAPI.stopPlayback();
return this;
}
}
// Export the fluent interface
export const pioneer = {
egui: () => new EguiBuilder(),
};
```
## 4.3. **main.ts**
This is the user’s script that **assembles the UI** using the fluent API, starts the eGUI application (the Rust side), and handles interactions:
```typescript
// deno/main.ts
import { pioneer } from "./pioneer_egui.ts";
import * as EguiAPI from "./egui_api.ts";
async function buildUI() {
await pioneer.egui()
.addWindow("Timeline Dashboard")
.addLabel("welcomeLabel").setText("Welcome to Pioneer eGUI with Timeline!")
.addButton("recordButton", "Start Recording").onClick(async () => {
console.log("Start Recording clicked.");
await pioneer.egui().add3DScene("mainScene").startRecording();
})
.addButton("stopRecordButton", "Stop Recording").onClick(async () => {
console.log("Stop Recording clicked.");
const recorded = await pioneer.egui().add3DScene("mainScene").stopRecording();
console.log("Recorded events:", recorded);
// Let's save them
await EguiAPI.saveRecordedEvents({ filename: "timeline.json" });
console.log("Saved to timeline.json");
})
.addButton("loadButton", "Load Recording").onClick(async () => {
console.log("Load Recording clicked.");
await EguiAPI.loadRecordedEvents({ filename: "timeline.json" });
console.log("Events loaded from timeline.json");
})
.addButton("playbackButton", "Start Playback").onClick(async () => {
console.log("Start Playback clicked.");
await pioneer.egui().add3DScene("mainScene").startPlayback();
})
.addButton("stopPlaybackButton", "Stop Playback").onClick(async () => {
console.log("Stop Playback clicked.");
await pioneer.egui().add3DScene("mainScene").stopPlayback();
})
.addSlider("volumeSlider", [0, 100]).setValue(50).onChange((value) => {
console.log(`Slider value changed to ${value}`);
})
.addInput("usernameInput").setText("John Doe").onInput((text) => {
console.log(`Input text changed to "${text}"`);
})
.addCheckbox("notificationsCheckbox").setChecked(true).onToggle((checked) => {
console.log(`Checkbox toggled to ${checked}`);
})
.addComboBox("themeCombo", ["Light", "Dark", "System"]).setSelected("Dark").onChange((selected) => {
console.log(`ComboBox selected option: ${selected}`);
})
.addRadioGroup("languageRadio", ["English", "Spanish", "French"]).setSelected("English").onChange((selected) => {
console.log(`Radio group selected: ${selected}`);
})
.addProgressBar("uploadProgress").setProgress(0).onUpdate((value) => {
console.log(`Progress bar updated to ${value}%`);
})
.add3DScene("mainScene")
.addCube("cube1", 1.0)
.addSphere("sphere1", 0.5)
.rotate(45)
.onRotate((angle) => {
console.log(`3D scene rotated by ${angle} degrees`);
})
.build();
// Periodically rotate the 3D scene
setInterval(async () => {
await pioneer.egui().add3DScene("mainScene").rotate(15);
}, 5000);
}
buildUI();
// Keep Deno alive
await new Promise(() => {});
```
**Usage**:
1. Start the Rust side with:
```bash
cargo run --release
```
2. In another shell, run your Deno code:
```bash
deno run --unstable --allow-all --v8-flags="--allow-natives-syntax" deno/main.ts
```
3. Observe how the UI is constructed, how interactions are **recorded** and can be **played back**.
---
# 5. Running the Full Example
1. **In the project root** (`pioneer-timeline/`), build and run the Rust side:
```bash
cargo run
```
- This will open a winit-based window with eGUI controls and 3D rendering.
- A WebSocket server will listen on **`ws://127.0.0.1:9001`** for event forwarding.
2. **In `pioneer-timeline/deno/`** folder, run the TypeScript code:
```bash
deno run --unstable --allow-all main.ts
```
- This script uses `Deno.core.opAsync` to call Rust ops (like `op_set_slider`, `op_start_recording`, etc.).
- The script also connects to the WebSocket server at **`127.0.0.1:9001`** to listen for events from Rust.
3. **Interact with the UI**:
- Click **Start Recording** -> Move sliders, checkboxes, or rotate 3D.
- Click **Stop Recording** -> The event timeline is displayed in the console and saved to `timeline.json`.
- Click **Start Playback** -> The recorded events are replayed, updating the UI as if the user were re-performing them.
- You can also periodically rotate the 3D scene every 5 seconds (demonstrated in `main.ts`).
4. **Observe**:
- In the console logs for both Rust and Deno, you’ll see messages about user interactions, events being recorded, saved, loaded, and replayed.
- During playback, the application automatically updates the UI controls (like label text, slider values, 3D rotation) according to the recorded timeline.
---
# 6. Conclusion
This **complete** and **comprehensive** example demonstrates how to:
1. **Embed eGUI + wgpu** in Rust to render a 3D scene.
2. **Expose ops** to Deno for UI manipulation and 3D transformations.
3. **Record** user interactions (including timestamps) to create a **timeline**.
4. **Replay** that timeline by dispatching recorded events in chronological order, effectively simulating user input.
Such a design is highly useful for:
- **Interactive tutorials**
- **Automated testing**
- **Demos and presentations**
- **Analytics** and user behavior replay
Feel free to extend this framework further by:
- Supporting **depth buffers** for more advanced 3D.
- Adding more **ops** for multi-object 3D scenes.
- Enhancing the **fluent builder** with layout controls and more sophisticated UI.
- Adding **UI** feedback during playback (e.g., highlighting active controls).
With this foundation, you have a **fully operational** system that merges Rust’s performance and concurrency with Deno’s modern TypeScript environment—complete with **recordable** and **replayable** user timelines. Enjoy building advanced 3D + UI experiences!
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Created: 12/31/2024
Updated: 12/31/2024